The Roles of Competition and Mutation in Shaping Antigenic and Genetic Diversity in Influenza
Identifieur interne : 000820 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000819; suivant : 000821The Roles of Competition and Mutation in Shaping Antigenic and Genetic Diversity in Influenza
Auteurs : Daniel Zinder [États-Unis] ; Trevor Bedford [Royaume-Uni] ; Sunetra Gupta [Royaume-Uni] ; Mercedes Pascual [États-Unis]Source :
- PLoS Pathogens [ 1553-7366 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
Influenza A (H3N2) offers a well-studied, yet not fully understood, disease in terms of the interactions between pathogen population dynamics, epidemiology and genetics. A major open question is why the virus population is globally dominated by a single and very recently diverged (2–8 years) lineage. Classically, this has been modeled by limiting the generation of new successful antigenic variants, such that only a small subset of progeny acquire the necessary mutations to evade host immunity. An alternative approach was recently suggested by Recker et al. in which a limited number of antigenic variants are continuously generated, but most of these are suppressed by pre-existing host population immunity. Here we develop a framework spanning the regimes described above to explore the impact of rates of mutation and levels of competition on phylodynamic patterns. We find that the evolutionary dynamics of the subtype H3N2 influenza is most easily generated within this framework when it is mutation limited as well as being under strong immune selection at a number of epitope regions of limited diversity.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003104
PubMed: 23300455
PubMed Central: 3536651
Affiliations:
- Royaume-Uni, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Michigan, Nouveau-Mexique, Oxfordshire, Écosse
- Oxford, Édimbourg
- Université d'Oxford, Université d'Édimbourg
Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)
- to stream Pmc, to step Corpus: 000C11
- to stream Pmc, to step Curation: 000C11
- to stream Pmc, to step Checkpoint: 000557
- to stream Ncbi, to step Merge: 000857
- to stream Ncbi, to step Curation: 000857
- to stream Ncbi, to step Checkpoint: 000857
- to stream Main, to step Merge: 000821
- to stream Main, to step Curation: 000820
Le document en format XML
<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en">The Roles of Competition and Mutation in Shaping Antigenic and Genetic Diversity in Influenza</title><author><name sortKey="Zinder, Daniel" sort="Zinder, Daniel" uniqKey="Zinder D" first="Daniel" last="Zinder">Daniel Zinder</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bedford, Trevor" sort="Bedford, Trevor" uniqKey="Bedford T" first="Trevor" last="Bedford">Trevor Bedford</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>University of Edinburgh, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Edinburgh, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Sunetra" sort="Gupta, Sunetra" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="Sunetra" last="Gupta">Sunetra Gupta</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Oxford, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual, Mercedes" sort="Pascual, Mercedes" uniqKey="Pascual M" first="Mercedes" last="Pascual">Mercedes Pascual</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Nouveau-Mexique</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">23300455</idno><idno type="pmc">3536651</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3536651</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3536651</idno><idno type="doi">10.1371/journal.ppat.1003104</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000C11</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000C11</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000C11</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000C11</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000557</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000557</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000857</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000857</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000857</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1553-7366:2013:Zinder D:the:roles:of</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000821</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000820</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000820</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">The Roles of Competition and Mutation in Shaping Antigenic and Genetic Diversity in Influenza</title><author><name sortKey="Zinder, Daniel" sort="Zinder, Daniel" uniqKey="Zinder D" first="Daniel" last="Zinder">Daniel Zinder</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bedford, Trevor" sort="Bedford, Trevor" uniqKey="Bedford T" first="Trevor" last="Bedford">Trevor Bedford</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff2"><addr-line>University of Edinburgh, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Edinburgh, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Edinburgh, Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Edinburgh</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Édimbourg</settlement><region type="country">Écosse</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Édimbourg</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, Sunetra" sort="Gupta, Sunetra" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="Sunetra" last="Gupta">Sunetra Gupta</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Oxford, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual, Mercedes" sort="Pascual, Mercedes" uniqKey="Pascual M" first="Mercedes" last="Pascual">Mercedes Pascual</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><addr-line>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>University of Michigan, Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff4"><addr-line>Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Michigan</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff5"><addr-line>Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States of America</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Nouveau-Mexique</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS Pathogens</title><idno type="ISSN">1553-7366</idno><idno type="eISSN">1553-7374</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Influenza A (H3N2) offers a well-studied, yet not fully understood, disease in terms of the interactions between pathogen population dynamics, epidemiology and genetics. A major open question is why the virus population is globally dominated by a single and very recently diverged (2–8 years) lineage. Classically, this has been modeled by limiting the generation of new successful antigenic variants, such that only a small subset of progeny acquire the necessary mutations to evade host immunity. An alternative approach was recently suggested by Recker et al. in which a limited number of antigenic variants are continuously generated, but most of these are suppressed by pre-existing host population immunity. Here we develop a framework spanning the regimes described above to explore the impact of rates of mutation and levels of competition on phylodynamic patterns. We find that the evolutionary dynamics of the subtype H3N2 influenza is most easily generated within this framework when it is mutation limited as well as being under strong immune selection at a number of epitope regions of limited diversity.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Walsh, Ja" uniqKey="Walsh J">JA Walsh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Maher, C" uniqKey="Maher C">C Maher</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fitch, Wm" uniqKey="Fitch W">WM Fitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bush, Rm" uniqKey="Bush R">RM Bush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bender, Ca" uniqKey="Bender C">CA Bender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Nj" uniqKey="Cox N">NJ Cox</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bush, Rm" uniqKey="Bush R">RM Bush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bender, Ca" uniqKey="Bender C">CA Bender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Subbarao, K" uniqKey="Subbarao K">K Subbarao</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Nj" uniqKey="Cox N">NJ Cox</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fitch, Wm" uniqKey="Fitch W">WM Fitch</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Og" uniqKey="Pybus O">OG Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nelson, Mi" uniqKey="Nelson M">MI Nelson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Taubenberger, Jk" uniqKey="Taubenberger J">JK Taubenberger</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bedford, T" uniqKey="Bedford T">T Bedford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cobey, S" uniqKey="Cobey S">S Cobey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual, M" uniqKey="Pascual M">M Pascual</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gerhard, W" uniqKey="Gerhard W">W Gerhard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Webster, Rg" uniqKey="Webster R">RG Webster</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hay, Aj" uniqKey="Hay A">AJ Hay</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nakajima, K" uniqKey="Nakajima K">K Nakajima</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nobusawa, E" uniqKey="Nobusawa E">E Nobusawa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nagy, A" uniqKey="Nagy A">A Nagy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nakajima, S" uniqKey="Nakajima S">S Nakajima</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fitch, Wm" uniqKey="Fitch W">WM Fitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Leiter, Jm" uniqKey="Leiter J">JM Leiter</name></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Xq" uniqKey="Li X">XQ Li</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palese, P" uniqKey="Palese P">P Palese</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Suzuki, Y" uniqKey="Suzuki Y">Y Suzuki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wolf, Yi" uniqKey="Wolf Y">YI Wolf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Holmes, Ec" uniqKey="Holmes E">EC Holmes</name></author><author><name sortKey="Koonin, Ev" uniqKey="Koonin E">EV Koonin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lipman, Dj" uniqKey="Lipman D">DJ Lipman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lindstrom, Se" uniqKey="Lindstrom S">SE Lindstrom</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hiromoto, Y" uniqKey="Hiromoto Y">Y Hiromoto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishimura, H" uniqKey="Nishimura H">H Nishimura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Saito, T" uniqKey="Saito T">T Saito</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nerome, R" uniqKey="Nerome R">R Nerome</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tria, F" uniqKey="Tria F">F Tria</name></author><author><name sortKey="Laessig, M" uniqKey="Laessig M">M Laessig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peliti, L" uniqKey="Peliti L">L Peliti</name></author><author><name sortKey="Franz, S" uniqKey="Franz S">S Franz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ferguson, Nm" uniqKey="Ferguson N">NM Ferguson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Galvani, Ap" uniqKey="Galvani A">AP Galvani</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bush, Rm" uniqKey="Bush R">RM Bush</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Koelle, K" uniqKey="Koelle K">K Koelle</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cobey, S" uniqKey="Cobey S">S Cobey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Grenfell, B" uniqKey="Grenfell B">B Grenfell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual, M" uniqKey="Pascual M">M Pascual</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Smith, Dj" uniqKey="Smith D">DJ Smith</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Andreasen, V" uniqKey="Andreasen V">V Andreasen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sasaki, A" uniqKey="Sasaki A">A Sasaki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kryazhimskiy, S" uniqKey="Kryazhimskiy S">S Kryazhimskiy</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dieckmann, U" uniqKey="Dieckmann U">U Dieckmann</name></author><author><name sortKey="Levin, Sa" uniqKey="Levin S">SA Levin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dushoff, J" uniqKey="Dushoff J">J Dushoff</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bedford, T" uniqKey="Bedford T">T Bedford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual, M" uniqKey="Pascual M">M Pascual</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Recker, M" uniqKey="Recker M">M Recker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Og" uniqKey="Pybus O">OG Pybus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nee, S" uniqKey="Nee S">S Nee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, S" uniqKey="Gupta S">S Gupta</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Russell, Ca" uniqKey="Russell C">CA Russell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jones, Tc" uniqKey="Jones T">TC Jones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Barr, Ig" uniqKey="Barr I">IG Barr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Nj" uniqKey="Cox N">NJ Cox</name></author><author><name sortKey="Garten, Rj" uniqKey="Garten R">RJ Garten</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Kuiken, T" uniqKey="Kuiken T">T Kuiken</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Gupta, S" uniqKey="Gupta S">S Gupta</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Buckee, Co" uniqKey="Buckee C">CO Buckee</name></author><author><name sortKey="Jolley, Ka" uniqKey="Jolley K">KA Jolley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Recker, M" uniqKey="Recker M">M Recker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Penman, B" uniqKey="Penman B">B Penman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kriz, P" uniqKey="Kriz P">P Kriz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="May, Rm" uniqKey="May R">RM May</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nowak, Ma" uniqKey="Nowak M">MA Nowak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nowak, Ma" uniqKey="Nowak M">MA Nowak</name></author><author><name sortKey="May, Rm" uniqKey="May R">RM May</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Volz, Em" uniqKey="Volz E">EM Volz</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Nowak, Ma" uniqKey="Nowak M">MA Nowak</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcdonald, Jh" uniqKey="Mcdonald J">JH McDonald</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kreitman, M" uniqKey="Kreitman M">M Kreitman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bush, Rm" uniqKey="Bush R">RM Bush</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fitch, Wm" uniqKey="Fitch W">WM Fitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bender, Ca" uniqKey="Bender C">CA Bender</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cox, Nj" uniqKey="Cox N">NJ Cox</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bhatt, S" uniqKey="Bhatt S">S Bhatt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Katzourakis, A" uniqKey="Katzourakis A">A Katzourakis</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pybus, Og" uniqKey="Pybus O">OG Pybus</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chew, Ft" uniqKey="Chew F">FT Chew</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doraisingham, S" uniqKey="Doraisingham S">S Doraisingham</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ling, Ae" uniqKey="Ling A">AE Ling</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kumarasinghe, G" uniqKey="Kumarasinghe G">G Kumarasinghe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, Bw" uniqKey="Lee B">BW Lee</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Huang, Jw" uniqKey="Huang J">JW Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Yang, Jm" uniqKey="Yang J">JM Yang</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Fleming, Dm" uniqKey="Fleming D">DM Fleming</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ayres, Jg" uniqKey="Ayres J">JG Ayres</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Monto, As" uniqKey="Monto A">AS Monto</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sullivan, Km" uniqKey="Sullivan K">KM Sullivan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Karpova, Ls" uniqKey="Karpova L">LS Karpova</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marinich, Ig" uniqKey="Marinich I">IG Marinich</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krainova, Ti" uniqKey="Krainova T">TI Krainova</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Saltyte Benth, J" uniqKey="Saltyte Benth J">J Saltyte Benth</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hofoss, D" uniqKey="Hofoss D">D Hofoss</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sumi, A" uniqKey="Sumi A">A Sumi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kamo, K" uniqKey="Kamo K">K Kamo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ohtomo, N" uniqKey="Ohtomo N">N Ohtomo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mise, K" uniqKey="Mise K">K Mise</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kobayashi, N" uniqKey="Kobayashi N">N Kobayashi</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Du, X" uniqKey="Du X">X Du</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dong, L" uniqKey="Dong L">L Dong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lan, Y" uniqKey="Lan Y">Y Lan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peng, Y" uniqKey="Peng Y">Y Peng</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wu, A" uniqKey="Wu A">A Wu</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bedford, T" uniqKey="Bedford T">T Bedford</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cobey, S" uniqKey="Cobey S">S Cobey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Beerli, P" uniqKey="Beerli P">P Beerli</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pascual, M" uniqKey="Pascual M">M Pascual</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Creanza, N" uniqKey="Creanza N">N Creanza</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schwarz, Js" uniqKey="Schwarz J">JS Schwarz</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cohen, Je" uniqKey="Cohen J">JE Cohen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Minayev, P" uniqKey="Minayev P">P Minayev</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ferguson, N" uniqKey="Ferguson N">N Ferguson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Yamashita, M" uniqKey="Yamashita M">M Yamashita</name></author><author><name sortKey="Krystal, M" uniqKey="Krystal M">M Krystal</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fitch, Wm" uniqKey="Fitch W">WM Fitch</name></author><author><name sortKey="Palese, P" uniqKey="Palese P">P Palese</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hensley, Se" uniqKey="Hensley S">SE Hensley</name></author><author><name sortKey="Das, Sr" uniqKey="Das S">SR Das</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bailey, Al" uniqKey="Bailey A">AL Bailey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Schmidt, Lm" uniqKey="Schmidt L">LM Schmidt</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hickman, Hd" uniqKey="Hickman H">HD Hickman</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hancock, K" uniqKey="Hancock K">K Hancock</name></author><author><name sortKey="Veguilla, V" uniqKey="Veguilla V">V Veguilla</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lu, X" uniqKey="Lu X">X Lu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Zhong, W" uniqKey="Zhong W">W Zhong</name></author><author><name sortKey="Butler, En" uniqKey="Butler E">EN Butler</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Itoh, Y" uniqKey="Itoh Y">Y Itoh</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shinya, K" uniqKey="Shinya K">K Shinya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kiso, M" uniqKey="Kiso M">M Kiso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Watanabe, T" uniqKey="Watanabe T">T Watanabe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sakoda, Y" uniqKey="Sakoda Y">Y Sakoda</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bandaranayake, D" uniqKey="Bandaranayake D">D Bandaranayake</name></author><author><name sortKey="Huang, Qs" uniqKey="Huang Q">QS Huang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Bissielo, A" uniqKey="Bissielo A">A Bissielo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wood, T" uniqKey="Wood T">T Wood</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mackereth, G" uniqKey="Mackereth G">G Mackereth</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Chi, Cy" uniqKey="Chi C">CY Chi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Cc" uniqKey="Liu C">CC Liu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lin, Cc" uniqKey="Lin C">CC Lin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Wang, Hc" uniqKey="Wang H">HC Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Cheng, Yt" uniqKey="Cheng Y">YT Cheng</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wikramaratna, Ps" uniqKey="Wikramaratna P">PS Wikramaratna</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sandeman, M" uniqKey="Sandeman M">M Sandeman</name></author><author><name sortKey="Recker, M" uniqKey="Recker M">M Recker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gupta, S" uniqKey="Gupta S">S Gupta</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Tsuchiya, E" uniqKey="Tsuchiya E">E Tsuchiya</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sugawara, K" uniqKey="Sugawara K">K Sugawara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hongo, S" uniqKey="Hongo S">S Hongo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Matsuzaki, Y" uniqKey="Matsuzaki Y">Y Matsuzaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Muraki, Y" uniqKey="Muraki Y">Y Muraki</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reichert, T" uniqKey="Reichert T">T Reichert</name></author><author><name sortKey="Chowell, G" uniqKey="Chowell G">G Chowell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nishiura, H" uniqKey="Nishiura H">H Nishiura</name></author><author><name sortKey="Christensen, Ra" uniqKey="Christensen R">RA Christensen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mccullers, Ja" uniqKey="Mccullers J">JA McCullers</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bui, Hh" uniqKey="Bui H">HH Bui</name></author><author><name sortKey="Peters, B" uniqKey="Peters B">B Peters</name></author><author><name sortKey="Assarsson, E" uniqKey="Assarsson E">E Assarsson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mbawuike, I" uniqKey="Mbawuike I">I Mbawuike</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sette, A" uniqKey="Sette A">A Sette</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Wang, Tt" uniqKey="Wang T">TT Wang</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tan, Gs" uniqKey="Tan G">GS Tan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hai, R" uniqKey="Hai R">R Hai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Pica, N" uniqKey="Pica N">N Pica</name></author><author><name sortKey="Petersen, E" uniqKey="Petersen E">E Petersen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Viboud, C" uniqKey="Viboud C">C Viboud</name></author><author><name sortKey="Alonso, Wj" uniqKey="Alonso W">WJ Alonso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Simonsen, L" uniqKey="Simonsen L">L Simonsen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Drummond, Aj" uniqKey="Drummond A">AJ Drummond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Ma" uniqKey="Suchard M">MA Suchard</name></author><author><name sortKey="Xie, D" uniqKey="Xie D">D Xie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Lemey, P" uniqKey="Lemey P">P Lemey</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rambaut, A" uniqKey="Rambaut A">A Rambaut</name></author><author><name sortKey="Drummond, Aj" uniqKey="Drummond A">AJ Drummond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Suchard, Ma" uniqKey="Suchard M">MA Suchard</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Michigan</li><li>Nouveau-Mexique</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>Écosse</li></region><settlement><li>Oxford</li><li>Édimbourg</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université d'Oxford</li><li>Université d'Édimbourg</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Michigan"><name sortKey="Zinder, Daniel" sort="Zinder, Daniel" uniqKey="Zinder D" first="Daniel" last="Zinder">Daniel Zinder</name></region><name sortKey="Pascual, Mercedes" sort="Pascual, Mercedes" uniqKey="Pascual M" first="Mercedes" last="Pascual">Mercedes Pascual</name><name sortKey="Pascual, Mercedes" sort="Pascual, Mercedes" uniqKey="Pascual M" first="Mercedes" last="Pascual">Mercedes Pascual</name><name sortKey="Pascual, Mercedes" sort="Pascual, Mercedes" uniqKey="Pascual M" first="Mercedes" last="Pascual">Mercedes Pascual</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Écosse"><name sortKey="Bedford, Trevor" sort="Bedford, Trevor" uniqKey="Bedford T" first="Trevor" last="Bedford">Trevor Bedford</name></region><name sortKey="Gupta, Sunetra" sort="Gupta, Sunetra" uniqKey="Gupta S" first="Sunetra" last="Gupta">Sunetra Gupta</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
EXPLOR_STEP=$WICRI_ROOT/Sante/explor/H2N2V1/Data/Main/Exploration
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_STEP/biblio.hfd -nk 000820 | SxmlIndent | more
Ou
HfdSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd -nk 000820 | SxmlIndent | more
Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri
{{Explor lien
|wiki= Sante
|area= H2N2V1
|flux= Main
|étape= Exploration
|type= RBID
|clé= PMC:3536651
|texte= The Roles of Competition and Mutation in Shaping Antigenic and Genetic Diversity in Influenza
}}
Pour générer des pages wiki
HfdIndexSelect -h $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/RBID.i -Sk "pubmed:23300455" \
| HfdSelect -Kh $EXPLOR_AREA/Data/Main/Exploration/biblio.hfd \
| NlmPubMed2Wicri -a H2N2V1
| This area was generated with Dilib version V0.6.33. |  |